Overview Of The Site Preparation Process Construction Essay

Overview Of The Site Preparation Process Construction Essay Site preparation is the first task that lays before any Engineer to start new project in site that is unfriendly to the project. It a challenging activity that must be began with. In civil engineering projects, the site preparation can be soil clearing, soil testing site plan designs, zoning restrictions environmental concern and how everything on the matter should run. Preparing your site well to begin with means a much safer, more productive working environment Steps of Site Preparation. Site Clearing:- this is the first task of site preparation. The site should be in a supposed condition. It involves the removal of trees, demolishing buildings and any other obstacles that might affect the construction process in the future or hinder the project to be done. Site Surveying: If your building block is not clearly identified by survey pegs, you cannot be certain that you are building on the correct block. A surveyor will survey the site for a reasonable cost. Better to be safe than sorry. Surveying is the translation of a contractors set of construction plans into a physical representation on the project site. It not only includes surveyors locating and setting physical markers, usually a lathe, pin, or survey stake in a horizontal position, but also communication to the contractor as to the actual elevation and the required cut or fill necessary to obtain the design elevation. It also includes the checking of improvements and temporary construction items placed to construct those improvements to verify the horizontal and vertical location to the construction plans. Soil Testing:- soil testing is very important task that need to be done before the site is purchased. The composition of the soil must be known so as to examine the ability to withstand structure and to test the ability to absorb water. As a site Engineer, it s very important to do all necessary soil testing before commencing any structural task on the soil. If the soil at the site is not suitable for the future project, then it gives no choice but to look for another site which its soil is suitable for the project. Site Plan Design:- After the soil testing is done all necessary drainage and septic tanks is installed, the next step to drawn the design to indicate placement of septic systems and all necessary fixtures. Nothing can be done without designing the site, all features are drawn in hand or by using Autocad to make easy for the contractors do their job. The site plan will show access roads for construction vehicles, The site plan will also depict where the building should be after it is built. Unlike other steps taken in site preparation, the site plan is carried out in office by consultants. Site investigation The site I chose to do the site investigation is Geotechnical industry. Geotechnical site investigation is to characterize soil, rock and groundwater condition of the proposed site. A geotechnical site investigation is the process of collecting information and evaluating the conditions of the site for the purpose of designing and constructing the foundation for a structure, such as a building, plant or bridge. The steps taken to do Geotechnical site investigation are as follows. Good planning for and management of a geotechnical site investigation is the key to obtaining sufficient and correct site information for designing a structure in a timely manner and with minimum cost for the effort needed. The collection of geotechnical data and the preparation of a report for a proposed structure should be considered in four stages, namely. 1-Project definition prepared by the owner in conjunction with an architect if selected. The project definition consists of architectural/engineering foundation criteria such as loading and settlement; on or above ground structure; service life of structure, and proposed design/construction schedule. 2-Preliminary site and project evaluation conducted by the geotechnical consultant selected for the geotechnical site investigation. It consists of preliminary site review of past geotechnical investigations of nearby sites and a selection of likely foundation design(s) based on published literature and the geotechnical consultant knowledge of the site. This preliminary evaluation and a consensus by the owner are used to develop the detail of the proposed geotechnical site investigation. It will also determine if this phase would be done in one or two steps. In the case of small buildings located on good ground conditions, this phase could be done by means of an office evaluation to be followed by the geotechnical site investigation. In the case of a major building and possible difficult permafrost, this phase could be done in two steps. It would include a preliminary site visit by a geotechnical engineer with permafrost experience to collect visible data and performance information of existing buildings in order to complete the office phase of the evaluation and discuss the findings with the owner and architect, if selected, to prepare the detailed site program. 3-Geotechnical site investigation (test holes and sampling) and laboratory testing for soils characteristics. 4-Geotechnical report preparation with recommended foundation system options. The client may consider incorporating peer review in the overall process for projects that are large and/or located in difficult permafrost conditions. This should not be viewed as a confrontational exercise but as an additional resource to develop the best foundation design. The scope of these guidelines is to plan a geotechnical site investigation in frozen soils, report the results from field exploration and laboratory testing in terms of internationally recognized classification systems, and provide foundation design and construction recommendations that address both the building requirements and climate change. Bad Site Layout As seen in the above, the site is not safely and neatly put. Offices are so close to the construction place. Offices are supposed be installed some distance from the site to secure the safety of the people working inside the office. Furthermore, the store is at the middle of the construction site where its supposed to be at the corner of the site. This will hinder the movement of the vehicles. Last but not the least, there is not fencing barrier at the construction site. This is very important for both the people working at the construction and the pedestrians.

Bmw Startegic Planning Essay

Strategic planning can be defined as the process of developing and maintaining consistency between the organisational objectives and resources and its changing opportunities. Hence strategic planning aims to define and document an approach to doing business that leads to satisfactory profits and growth. This approach or strategy sets the general direction for the use and management of all resources including information, throughout the organisation. Generally this direction will remain valid for an extended period of time. There are several major components that make up the strategic plan. They may appear in various documentations formally or informally defined and they may collectively represent the values and priorities of the organization. These components are mission, vision, goals, objective, strategy and policy. Relationship between Mission, Vision, and Objective Both of mission and vision are relate to an organization’s purpose and are typically communicated in some written form. In mission and vision statement, BMW Malaysia can known about the value, and what they wants to run the business. BMW have a clearly communicated, widely understood, and collectively shared mission and vision have been shown to perform better than those companies without them (mission and vision), with at that they related to effectiveness when strategy and goals and objectives were aligned with them as well. BMW have the mission, vision, and objective in the process of planning strategies to attract the customer. In the relationship between mission, vision, and objective is aim the goals of BMW Malaysia Sdn. Stakeholder Stakeholders are individuals, group, or organization that has direct or indirect in an organization because it can affect or be affected by the organization’s actions, objectives, and policies. Key stakeholders in a business organization include creditors, customers, directors, employees, government, shareholders, suppliers, unions, and community from which the business draws its resources. Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholders’ analysis is a process of systematically gathering and analyzing qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account when developing and/or implementing a policy or program. Stake holder analysis is important to BMW Company because they need to do an analysis for their own plans so that they can find out what mistake they has done it and make a correction on it. This analysis also will determine that they can make a comparison with other competitors. Although, the stakeholder analysis originated from the business sciences, it has evolved into a field that now incorporate economics, political science, and game and decision theory and environmental sciences. The current models of stakeholder analysis are applying a variety of tools on both qualitative and quantitative data to understand stakeholders with their position, influence with other groups and their interest in a particular reform. It also provide an idea of the impact of reforms and the potential power struggles among the groups and individuals and helps identify potential strategies for negotiating with opposing. Furthermore, another importance of stakeholder analysis is risk prevention. Analytic stakeholders sometimes would bring complicated and complex analysis and sometimes unexpected problem. Therefore, stakeholder management should carefully managed the business environment occur in the company. Unexpected negative development in the BMW Company can increase the risk. Last but not least is the rationality. The management should perceive the ability of the stakeholder group as to measure the financial performance. The stakeholder commitment can show a moral duty by claim the benefits from the stakeholder management to the ethical principle. Conclusion As a result, the stakeholder analysis is an effective methodology as to evaluate the management process in the BMW Company. This analysis can help the management construct the identifiable and effective control and management. This analysis can convey sufficient and active project for BMW Company. Introduction Most of the companies are practicing the organizational audit and environmental audit which may help them to solve any problem in the company and also give them opportunity to improving their business. Organizational audit can be defined as internal audit which is provide the independent professional service, to serve not only foe management, but also the whole organization. Besides that, it also may assurance that an organization’s risk management, authority and internal control processes will be operate effectively. This means that the organizational audits will arrange or care the important basic issues such as survival and prosperity of the company. Environmental audit can be clarified as the broad. This will include all the outsider people to involve in the company. Or in other meaning, it is a systematic of dealings between any business operation and it is surrounding. This may contain the air, land, water legal constraint. For example, it may cause the community around the business, places that they doing the business, and the public’s perception of the operating company in the local area. Besides that, environmental audit can be simplified as an independent third party of assessment of the current status which may occupy the organization’s agreement with local environmental law. It also will be the assessment of the financial advantages and disadvantages for the company. Factors that affect the internal audit Internal factors are identifying through SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis consists of strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The strength and weakness probably come for the management of the manager and employee. While the opportunity and threat is coming from the customers. Factors that affect the external audit External factors are identifying through PEST analysis. PEST analysis consists of political, economical, social and technological. Technological and economical variables are affecting by the media. While the political and social are affecting by suppliers and distributors. Conclusion BMW has analysed their organisational audit and environmental audits with the SWOT and PEST analysis. The analysis tools is where you recommend and improve their through this analysis tools can helps the company measure the performance of the internal and external factors in BMW Company. Introduction Strategic positioning is important part in a company. It is because, it will advertising the strategies to consider. For example the product or brand to be effectively positioned within the customer’s mind, general research into target audience, competition’s advertising activity needs to take place. If the strategic positioning is successful, it may be situate the product in the mind of the customer when it comes to purchase time. Besides that, the criteria that a management should become aware of is the price, quality of product, convenience, time, and relevance which will attributes consumers associate to brands within a category. Strategic positioning is important to a company because they are a tiny little business which can plan heated down to one sentence. Besides that, it also will briefly define the target, the categories which the company struggles, the differentiated benefits, and what the company must do to prove the differentiated to the customer. Moreover, strategic positioning also will develop the brand positioning to forces the company to consider what they want to be successful. Without a clear and good strategic positioning, the company may lose lots of time and money in hopeless. If the strategic positioning is not be clear, it doesn’t have real, meaningful, differentiated value to the marketplace and your organization, it will be not only wandering but somehow it will aimlessly, the chances of real success are greatly lessen. Strategic Positioning Techniques Strategic positioning is a key to business success. It has the advantage to help the company to focus what they do and market place to know what you stand for. This strategic position of a business includes the devising the desired position of the basis present and foreseeable development. Their strategic positioning techniques are show as below: I. Market Segmentation Segmentation system is well designed to measure the interests, attitudes and behaviours of their marketing mix. Segmentation, targeting and positioning are tools that a company used to gain competitive advantage in the market. Market segmentation is the process of dividing the market into similar groups according to the characteristics planned for the product acquire. BMW is a huge and well known automotive industry in all around the world. Therefore, their market segmentation is bigger than others. They need to fulfil many requirement by differentiate their marketing plans. Other segmentation is target marketing. Target market can recognise the diversity of customers and what the company offering. Different customers have different needs so it is possible to satisfy their customers by treating them alike. This segment enables a company like BMW trade individual marketing plans of each customer group. Market segmentation is torn into some section which is geographic and demographic segment. Geographic segmentation variables require the region, size of population areas, population density and climate. Big population can increase the faith and build trust among their customers. BMW Company also can be their strategic position in gain the customer’s trust and believe. While, demographic segmentation includes the age, gender, family size and life cycle and others. When the family have big members, even when one of the members is purchase with BMW, the others can build their trust towards the BMW’s products. They will analyse through the product that the members bought from BMW. II. Benchmarking Benchmarking is the process of identifying the best practice on how the product is created and delivered to the suppliers and customers. The objective of benchmarking is to understand and evaluate the current position of a business or organisation. Benchmarking examine on how the company achieve their performance levels. This technique helps the company explain the process behind the excellent performance that the company acquire. Strength of benchmarking is lies on the way the organisation measure the impact of the effectiveness of their processes. For example, BMW has famous and huge benchmarking form the automotive that they produce. They own benchmarking make their financial become higher and higher. This includes the activity such attracting the customers by meeting their needs. All the department will work together to gain the customers concerned. One type of benchmarking is a strategic benchmarking. This strategic benchmarking is concerned on the strategic action and change. BMW has many strategic actions in market their product to all their customers in the international market. Their most target market are individual which has family and many member. BMW offers security for each of the automotive that they produced. The person that used the facilities that BMW offer will feel secure and they always trust to deal with BMW in future. The best benchmarking process need to carry out properly as to gain the experiences repeatedly. The best practice is used by the successful organisation as a tool of continually improving the production. The reason of product development can offer the necessary to undertake the best practice that BMW acquire. Conclusion As a conclusion, BMW has their strategic objective to be achieved. The technique that I can propose to BMW to achieve their objective is benchmarking and market segmentation. These techniques will bring effectiveness to the BMW performance and helps BMW develop their strategic positioning.

Why Math Is Not Be A Math Test Or Exam - 983 Words

Math is a subject where a person can both understand a concept and do well on tests and exams, or they do not understand a concept and they do mediocre at best, or if they are women, try to prove they can do math just as well as men to a point where they fail. Women are seen as stereotypically inferior to men when it comes to math. This stereotype does not ring true, since women are capable of understanding concepts just as well as men. Although, this stereotype does still haunt women whenever they go to take a math test or exam. Stereotype threat is a construct where the targeted group, in this case women, try to disprove the stereotype, but put so much pressure on themselves that they fall right into it. This is what happens to women when they take a math test or exam. They begin to feel like they cannot fall into a stereotype and they try to excel on the test, only to be so anxious about doing poorly and being seen as a stereotype, that they do not do well on the test. 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Margaret Beaufort, Kings Mother

Continued from: Margaret Beaufort: Basic Facts and TimelineMargaret Beaufort: The Making of the Tudor Dynasty Henry VII Becomes King and Margaret Beaufort the King’s Mother Margaret Beaufort’s long efforts to promote her son’s succession were richly rewarded, emotionally and materially.  Henry VII, having defeated Richard III and become king, had himself crowned on October 30, 1485. His mother, now 42 years old, reportedly wept at the coronation.  She was, from this point, referred to in court as â€Å"My Lady, the King’s Mother.† Henry Tudor’s marriage to Elizabeth of York would mean that his children’s right to the crown would be more secure, but he wanted to make sure that his own claim was clear.  Since his claim through inheritance was rather thin, and the idea of a queen ruling in her own right might bring images of the civil war of Matilda’s time, Henry claimed the crown by right of battle victory, not his marriage to Elizabeth or his genealogy.  He reinforced this by marrying Elizabeth of York, as he had publicly pledged to do in December of 1483. Henry Tudor married Elizabeth of York on January 18, 1486.  He also had parliament repeal the act which, under Richard III, had declared Elizabeth illegitimate. (This likely means that he knew that her brothers, the Princes in the Tower, who would have a stronger claim to the crown than Henry, were dead.) Their first son , Arthur, was born almost exactly nine months later, on September 19, 1486.  Elizabeth was crowned as queen consort the next year. Independent Woman, Advisor to the King Henry came to kingship after years of exile outside of England, without much experience in administration of a government. Margaret Beaufort had advised him in exile, and now she was a close advisor to him as king.  We know from his letters that he consulted with her on court matters and chuch appointments. The same parliament of 1485 that repealed Elizabeth of York’s illegitimacy also declared Margaret Beaufort a femme sole – in contrast to a femme covert or a wife.  Still married to Stanley, this status gave her an independence few women, and fewer wives, had under the law.  It gave her complete independence and control over her own lands and finances.  Her son also awarded her, over some years, considerably more lands which were under her independent control.  These would, of course, revert to Henry or his heirs on her death, as she had no other children. Despite the fact that she had never actually been a queen, Margaret Beaufort was treated at court with the status of a queen mother or dowager queen.  After 1499, she adopted the signature â€Å"Margaret R† which may signify â€Å"queen† (or may signify â€Å"Richmond†).  Queen Elizabeth, her daughter-in-law, outranked her, but Margaret walked close behind Elizabeth, and sometimes dressed in similar robes.  Her household was luxurious, and the largest in England after her son’s.  She might be the Countess of Richmond and Derby, but she acted like the equal or near equal of the queen. Elizabeth Woodville retired from the court in 1487, and it’s believed that Margaret Beaufort may have instigated her departure.  Margaret Beaufort had oversight over the royal nursery and even over the procedures for the queen’s lying-in.  She was given the wardship of the young Duke of Buckingham, Edward Stafford, son of her late ally (and her late husband’s nephew), Henry Stafford, whose title was restored by Henry VII. (Henry Stafford, convicted of treason under Richard III, had had the title taken from him.) Involvements in Religion, Family, Property In her later years, Margaret Beaufort was noted for both ruthlessness in defending and extending her land and property, and for responsible oversight of her lands and improving them for her tenants. She gave generously to religious institutions, and particularly to support the education of clergy at Cambridge. Margaret patronized the publisher William Caxton, and commissioned many books, some to distribute to her household. She bought both romances and religious texts from Caxton. In 1497, the priest John Fisher became her personal confessor and friend.  He began to rise in prominence and power at Cambridge University with the King’s Mother’s support. She is supposed to have had the agreement of her husband in 1499 to take a vow of chastity, and she often lived separately from him after that. From 1499 to 1506, Margaret lived at a manor in Collyweston, Northamptonshire, improving it so that it functioned as a palace. When the marriage of Catherine of Aragon was arranged to Margaret’s eldest grandson, Arthur, Margaret Beaufort was assigned with Elizabeth of York to select the women who would serve Catherine.  Margaret also urged that Catherine learn French before coming to England, so that she could communicate with her new family. Arthur married Catherine in 1501, and then Arthur died the next year, with his younger brother Henry then becoming heir apparent. Also in 1502, Margaret gave a grant to Cambridge to found the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, and John Fisher became the first to occupy the chair. When Henry VII appointed John Fisher as bishop of Rochester, Margaret Beaufort was instrumental in choosing Erasmus as his successor in the Lady Margaret professorship. Elizabeth of York died the following year, after giving birth to her last child (who did not survive long), perhaps in a vain attempt to have another male heir.  Though Henry VII talked of finding another wife, he did not act on that, and genuinely grieved the loss of his wife, with whom he’d had a satisfying marriage, though initially making it for political reasons. Henry VII’s older daughter, Margaret Tudor, was named for her grandmother, and in 1503, Henry brought his daughter to his mother’s manor along with the whole royal court.  He then returned home with most of the court, while Margaret Tudor continued on to Scotland to marry James IV. In 1504, Margaret’s husband, Lord Stanley, died.  She devoted more of her time to prayer and religious observance.  She belonged to five religious houses, though she continued to reside in her own private residence. John Fisher became the Chancellor at Cambridge, and Margaret began giving the gifts that would establish the re-founded Christ’s College, under the king’s charter. Last Years Before her death, Margaret made possible, through her support, the transformation of a scandal-ridden monastic house into St. John’s College at Cambridge. Her will provided for continuing support for that project. She began planning around her end of life.  In 1506, she commissioned a tomb for herself, and brought Renaissance sculptor Pietro Torrigiano to England to work on it.  She prepared her final will in January of 1509. In April of 1509, Henry VII died.  Margaret Beaufort came to London and arranged her son’s funeral, where she was given precedence over all the other royal women.  Her son had named her his chief executor in his will. Margaret helped arrange and was present for the coronation of her grandson, Henry VIII, and his new bride, Catherine of Aragon, on June 24, 1509.  Margaret’s struggles with her health may have been aggravated by the activity around the funeral and coronation, and she died on June 29, 1509.  John Fisher gave the sermon at her requiem mass. Largely because of Margaret’s efforts, Tudors would rule England until 1603, followed by the Stuarts, descendants of her granddaughter Margaret Tudor. More: Margaret Beaufort: Basic Facts and TimelineMargaret Beaufort: The Making of the Tudor Dynasty